Learning Objectives:

  1. Describe the indications and limitations of US of the kidneys and bladder

  2. Perform US to evaluate the urinary tract

  3. Identify relevant US anatomy including the renal cortex, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, liver, spleen, and uterus or prostate

  4. Recognize the relevant findings and pitfalls when evaluating for hydronephrosis, renal calculi, renal masses, bladder volume, pregnancy, and Foley catheter evaluation


Indications:

  • Flank pain

  • Back pain

  • Abdominal pain

  • Hematuria

  • Acute Urinary Retention 

  • Acute Renal Failure/Acute Kidney Injury

Extended Indications:

  • Infection/abscess of the kidney

  • Gross bladder/prostate abnormalities

  • Foley cather placement/confirmation/evaluation

Required Views:

  • R/L kidney in transverse

  • R/L kidney in sagittal

  • Bladder in transverse

  • Bladder in sagittal 

  • Post void residual if applicable

ANATOMY: